ISLAMABAD — Pakistan’s naval modernization program is set to reach a major milestone next year, with the induction of its first Chinese-designed Hangor-class submarine, Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Naveed Ashraf confirmed in an interview with China’s Global Times.
The admiral said the multi-billion-dollar project to acquire eight advanced submarines from China by 2028 is “progressing smoothly,” marking one of the most significant defense collaborations between the two long-time allies. He revealed that the launch of the second and third submarines earlier this year in China represents “a key advancement” in Pakistan’s efforts to strengthen its underwater warfare capabilities.
Admiral Ashraf emphasized that the Hangor-class program is not merely about fleet expansion it also focuses on technology transfer and local capacity building. “The initiative will enhance Pakistan’s shipbuilding expertise and self-reliance through skill development at Karachi Shipyard and Engineering Works,” he noted.
He also pointed to the successful induction of Type 054A/P frigates, describing them as “among the most advanced surface combatants” currently in service. These vessels, he said, have significantly boosted the navy’s ability in air defense, anti-submarine warfare, and maritime surveillance. “Such platforms are crucial for protecting vital sea routes in the North Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean lifelines for international trade and Pakistan’s economic security,” he added.
The Hangor-class submarine deal worth an estimated $5 billion involves the construction of four submarines in China and four in Pakistan. Three of the Chinese-built vessels have already been launched from a shipyard along the Yangtze River.
Admiral Ashraf described Chinese naval technology as “reliable, sophisticated, and perfectly aligned with Pakistan Navy’s operational needs.” He also revealed that cooperation between the two countries is now expanding into unmanned systems, artificial intelligence, and electronic warfare reflecting a strategic shift toward future-oriented defense capabilities.
Over the past five years, Pakistan has become China’s leading defense partner, accounting for more than 60 percent of its total arms exports, according to data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI).
Looking ahead, Admiral Ashraf said Pakistan and China are deepening collaboration in shipbuilding, joint training, technology sharing, and maritime industry development. “Our partnership rests on mutual trust, shared strategic goals, and decades of cooperation,” he stated. “Together, we are committed to ensuring a secure maritime environment that promotes regional peace and stability.”
He concluded that the integration of modern submarines and frigates has extended the Pakistan Navy’s operational reach and deterrence strength, while joint exercises with the Chinese Navy have enhanced interoperability and professional coordination. “This partnership goes far beyond hardware,” Admiral Ashraf remarked. “It embodies a shared vision and a friendship that continues to stand the test of time.”
